Anchor There are a bunch of Kashmiri militants on the Pakistan side aligned with the likes of ISIS and Al Quaida who have been kicking off at a low level for donkey's years. now. It is this lot that started it this time *though there are islamic militants on both sides of the border). To be fair its been going on since the partition in 1947 when the mighty british empire fucked it all up by drawing a random line across muslim tribal lands in Kashmir and Jammu, leaving muslim families and tribes split across the new line of control. Much the same as they did in Iraq, Palestine, Ireland etc etc. Gandhi/Nehru have a lot to do with this, having reneged on a number of agreements made at the time of partition (Kalistani Sikhs in Punjab being another). Modi has added fuel to the fire by withdrawing Kashmiri autonomy some 20 years ago and replacing with direct central rule from the Hindu nationalist government.
It's been waiting to pop for a long time, normally both sides pull back, but this time maybe the one where they don't.